People database
People from the Italian peninsula involved in the Atlantic slave trade and slavery, 15th–19th centuries. Search by name or filter by role, place, network and period.
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Cattaneo Alessandro
1506–1550Son of Cesare Cattaneo, he rented a house in Seville in 1506. Around 1508, he began trading with Santo Domingo, and in the 1510s, he traded with the Cape Verde archipelago. In 1512, he established a company with Giuliano Calvi and Stefano Centurione, which entrusted him with textiles, wine, and ship's biscuits worth 1,000 gold ducats. These were to be transported to the island of Santiago in the Cape Verde archipelago in exchange for enslaved people. In 1513, he sold some enslaved people brought from the African coast to another Genoese merchant in Seville, Giovan Francesco Grimaldi, who transported them to the Americas. In 1550, he signed an asiento with the Crown. This was managed in Seville by two of his brothers, Niccolò and Visconte, who owned the ship Trinidad. Another relative, Jeronimo, handled trade between Seville and Mexico, and in turn employed an agent named Juan in Mexico City.
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Fornari (Forne) Domingo
1518–1526With his brother Tomas, Augustin de Vivaldo and Fernan Vazquez he bought the licence that the King of Spain had granted to Gouvenot to bring 4,000 enslaved people to the Americas in eight years. It is not known how many people they sold, but they resold the licences at very high prices, making a profit of 300,000 ducats. The same company, with Genoese and Spanish capital, owned the ingenio of Sanctis Spiritu, just outside Santo Domingo.
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Fornari (Forne) Tomas
1518–1526With his brother Domingo, Augustin de Vivaldo and Fernan Vazquez he bought the licence that the King of Spain had granted to Gouvenot to bring 4,000 enslaved people to the Americas in eight years. It is not known how many people they sold, but they resold the licences at very high prices, making a profit of 300,000 ducats. The same company, with Genoese and Spanish capital, owned the ingenio of Sanctis Spiritu, just outside Santo Domingo.
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Giustiniani Giustiniano
1663–1704From 1663 to 1674 Giustiniani served on the Isthmus of Panama as an agent of the Grillo and Lomellini asiento. His duties included the logistics of the slave trade: he received the asiento ships arriving at Portobelo, assessed the state of health of the captives, saw to their sustenance, sold them in the local markets and organised their transfer across the isthmus to Panama. He was thus involved in twenty-five asiento voyages that reached the isthmus, and was responsible for the lives of almost 11,500 captives. After the end of the Grillo and Lomellini asiento he married a noblewoman from Navarre and returned with her to Spain, to Madrid. He nevertheless continued to be involved in the slave trade through his close collaboration with his brother-in-law Antonio Echeverz, who at the beginning of the eighteenth century had become one of the most powerful men on the isthmus, a great owner of land and of enslaved people. In the first months of 1692 the Venetian Nicolás Porcio, a key figure in the asiento since the late 1670s, appointed Giustiniani chief administrator of the asiento in the event of his death, which occurred two years later. With the proceeds of the slave trade Giustiniani purchased government offices and titles from the Crown: honorary offices in the Council of Italy and the Council of War (1684), the office of provincial alcalde of Panama and Portobelo (1685), the habit of knight of the Order of Calatrava (1692), and the titles of Marquis of Peñaflorida and Viscount of Casares (1704).
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Grillo Domenico
1663–1674Holder, together with Ambrogio Lomellini, of the asiento granted by the Crown from 1663 to 1674. The two bought enslaved people from the English and the Dutch, in Jamaica, Barbados and Curaçao, in exchange for silver and other colonial products, and resold them in the ports of Spanish America. During this period they officially sold about 22,000 of them, to which must be added those introduced through illegal trade, roughly twice as many.
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Lomellini Ambrogio (o Ambrosio)
1663–1674Holder, together with Domenico Grillo, of the asiento granted by the Spanish Crown between 1663 and 1674. It is estimated that in the eleven years of the asiento the two introduced about 22,000 enslaved people into the Spanish colonies, plus many others, almost twice as many, introduced illegally. He died in 1667, on the return voyage from Cartagena de Indias, where he had gone to renegotiate the asiento; Grillo achieved that aim in 1668, a few months after his death.
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Saluzzi Giacomo
1632–1636Through his representative, Antonio Balbi, he claimed the dividends from a shipment of enslaved Africans undertaken with Antonio del Campo and Benavidez. He also claimed 84,500 ducats for cargo shipped to the Indies in 1632. It seems he also benefited from licences granted by Philip IV's court in the 1630s, linking him directly to those granted to Nicola Salvago.
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Salvago Ambrogio (o Ambrosio)
1603–1609At the beginning of the seventeenth century he invested, together with Francesco Serra, in the asiento of the Portuguese Gonzalo Baez Coutinho.
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Salvago Nicola
1630–1649In 1630, Nicola Salvago purchased a batch of licences to sell 1,500 enslaved people in Buenos Aires from the Cardinal-Infante, who had obtained them from his brother, Philip IV. In 1634, he obtained permission from the Casa de la Contratación in Seville to bring a further 1,000 people to the same city. In 1638, he purchased an additional 335 licences for the same purpose. Salvago also introduced many enslaved people into Buenos Aires illegally, often using his own ships, such as the Santísima Trinidad.